Gambling involves risking something of value (money, property or material possessions) on an activity that is based primarily on chance in the hope of winning something. While it is a common human activity, for some individuals it becomes an obsession that has negative personal, family and financial consequences.
Gambling is not one of the psychiatric diagnoses listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), but it has been linked to a range of problems, including impaired judgment, cognitive distortions, diminished mathematical skills, and even mental illness. In fact, it has been argued that the absence of valid and reliable criteria for pathological gambling is a major barrier to research (Goldstein and Simpson, 1995).
There is also consensus that gambling involves impulsiveness. Several dimensions of impulse control are involved in the initiation and progression of gambling behavior, including sensation-and novelty-seeking, arousal, and negative emotionality. In addition, there is a significant association between gambling and disinhibition.
Gambling is a worldwide activity, and it takes many forms. For example, people may place bets on the outcome of a horse race or football game in a private setting. Some people play card games like poker or spades for money, while others participate in social activities such as betting on sports events with friends. Today, young people are the fastest growing group of gamblers, with some starting as early as age 12. This demographic often starts with online gaming or video games that involve gambling-like strategies.